In 19 th century when British colonized India they also brought with them their thoughts and out of those many, one was of the Aryans which India has also connection with but during the colonial era the Aryan question became the central idea for Indian identity and origin, and later a notion of Indian nationalism and struggle for independence. But the theories and the ideas which propagated in 19 th century India are still challenging to trained historians and archaeologists. Here are some theories related to Aryans and their advent in the Indian sub-continent. The origin of the word Aryan Aryan was derived from the old Iranian language ‘Arya’ used in the Zoroastrian text Avesta and was kindred with Sanskrit ‘Aryan’ The theories related to Aryans in Indian sub-continent are associated with, Aryans as a race, linguistic group and are also linked with the caste system and religion (Hinduism) widely. Max Muller one of the scholars of 19 th century mentions about a “Aryan hom...
1. E.H.Carr didn’t studied history academically nor he had any Ph.D. degree in history but his journey as a historian starts when he joined the ministry of information’s foreign division and worked as a clerk, he witnessed some historical events like Paris peace conference, treaty of Versailles etc. which has an impact on his career as a historian he took academic posts also. He observed Russian revolution which inspired him towards history his one more memory as an undergraduate student where he got influenced from one of his professor who argued that “Herodotus’s account of Persian wars in the 5 th century BC was shaped by his attitude towards the Peloponnesian war”(Source- www.newstatesman.com ). Going through E.H.Carr’s views what I can interpret is that history is an interpretation of facts, a historian’s view towards looking any event, but a historians view also depends on the contemporary situations of his/her time. One more aspect of looking towards history is the interpret...
1. Rene Descartes was a French philosopher. He was a rationalist who relied on reasons as the guide for belief and action. He focused on logic on any act or ideology. Descartes proposed that to solve any question we should divide large problems into small one, this he called as ‘Methods of doubts’. Descartes asked to ground our ideas to our personal experiences and reason, rather than authority or tradition. Descartes believed in self-examination guided by definition, sound argument and clarity of thought could achieve. Descartes believed ion learning from personal experiences in different situations, meeting different people of varied ranks and class. Descartes relied on ‘thinking’, all his ideas and works moves around his famous phrase ‘I think therefore I am’, he focused on one having their own ways of thinking and perspective and suspect the tradition of passing the ideas. Rene Descartes thus, propagated an independent rational vision of existence. In his works like ‘Rules of ...
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